Family Planning Essay Example for Free

Family Planning Essay †¢ It implies the dividing of youngsters and that guardians are totally allowed to pick the quantity of kids they need. †¢ People in practically all pieces of the world are concurred that family arranging is essential in each nation which wants to increase the living expectation of its kin. †¢ Family arranging has likewise been alluded to as the totality of human endeavors to accomplish human poise, financial strength, wellbeing and joy and government assistance through: o Birth guideline and dividing of kids by the utilization of acknowledged logical strategies Cadence †¢ Only strategy that the Catholic church affirms of †¢ â€Å"Periodic abstention† †¢ An arrangement of maintaining a strategic distance from sex during the fruitful period not long when an egg has been created in her body †¢ Most ladies discharge an egg cell about once every month typically 14 days before the feminine cycle †¢ May fluctuate from month to month and it is important to decide if precisely as conceivable when an egg will be delivered †¢ Can be dependable if the menstrual cycle is ordinary †¢ The specialist may enable you to decide when your rich period is Sterilization †¢ Vasectomy(male); Tubal ligation(female) †¢ An activity whereby a cylinder, vas deferens, where the sperm cells pass is being expelled †¢ In tubal ligation, the one evacuated is where the egg cells pass †¢ Those who utilize this technique are those with three to four youngsters †¢ It is for couples whose families are finished †¢ The technique a lot less difficult for the male †¢ There no symptoms and the expense of activity is less expensive Douching †¢ Flushing out the vagina with a cured arrangement following intercourse to evacuate or wreck sperm Abstinence †¢ Refraining from sex †¢ 100% compelling To have this strategies for family arranging, one must be brimming with fire and eagerness about it yourself in convincing individuals to do such. On the off chance that individuals are persuaded of the chance of family arranging, the outcome won't just assistance the couples either rich or poor, to have a sound and solid family yet in addition make the country a ground-breaking and solid one. The world isn't after the amount yet the nature of the individuals. Any couple who wants to utilize a family arranging strategy should visit a family arranging center so they can get familiar with the significant insights about the specific technique they may pick and guarantee pregnancy insurance. General Principles Governing the Choice of Contraceptive technique 1. A prophylactic technique isn't for an unmarried individual yet for a wedded couple. Albeit just one mate might be engaged with its utilization, it influences the relational just as sexual relationship of a couple. 2. The adequacy and the worthiness of any strategy are in direct extent to the experience of the doctor in fitting the technique to the couple’s specific needs and the level of inspiration of the couple in utilizing the strategy reliably. 3. The doctor, being human, has his own inclination and enthusiastic responses thereto. It is just in tuning in regarding the patient’s response that the couple’s passionate need will be met. Catholic Church’s Position on Family arranging On July 31, 1975, Julio R. Cardinal Rosales, pres. Of the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, made the accompanying orders on the remain of the Church in the Philippine Population Program: 1. The Church is as per the Government on the requirement for family arranging. The congregation has consistently upheld mindful parenthood. 2. The congregation regards the Government duty in making accessible to the residents such methods for family arranging that would not disregard their heart of those utilized by the Government in its program. 3. The congregation pushed the family life program which maintains human respect, invigorating conjugal love and family relationship, and which instructs that the methods for family arranging is the characteristic technique, with the prohibition of fake contraceptives, sanitization and fetus removal. 4. The congregation keeps up that the individual still, small voice is a definitive authority in the decision of the methods for family arranging .

Critque essay Essay

In the story â€Å"The Operation,† by Pensri Kiengsiri , a story that has a third persons’ perspective. The peruser discovers that Kamjorn, the dad of the child, don’t have a lot of fondness to Danu since Danu is a survivor of polio which made Danu an injured child. Its trick drives the peruser into having a sentiment of compassion toward the kid. Also, the story’s setting, contributes well to the developing compassion of the perusers to Danu, as Kiengsiri’s treatment of timing cause the perusers to foresee a stunning things that’s to unfurl. The time at which â€Å"The Operation† is set presents a component of strain between the guardians. Kamjorn educated the perusers that when he instructed about going to Bangkok he originally needed to see his closest companion, rather to go to the emergency clinic which is his fundamental explanation of going to Bangkok; it is â€Å"his mind wandered to different days in Bangkok, understudy days and to the outdated mates, he would get an opportunity to turn upward. † As the peruser definitely realizes that Kamjorn means to find his old companions, the very notice of â€Å"strayed to other days† brings out the feeling of an arrangement that will positively make trouble to the boy’s sentiments. The additional recommendation of â€Å"chance to look up† presents a climate of vulnerability: that planted to the reader’s mind is the idea that everything isn't typical and right to the world. The feeling of vulnerability to Kamjorn that he won't go to his child and doesn’t show to his child it is a major factor to his child activity. Similarly as the time wherein â€Å"The Operation† is set mixes the story with a climate of misery, so do the physical encompassing in which the main part of plot unfurls. â€Å"When Kamjorn arrived at Bangkok, he went to meet his companion and to really find them. At the point when his girl haven’t seen any sign that both of their folks showed up, she was stressed and called to their home and by one way or another persuaded her mom to travel. † Both things added to the reader’s sense that there’s something isn't right and that something fast approaching is going to happen. This air of approach increments as their mom went to the train and hasn’t heard anything from her until the activity is nearly completed â€Å"an mishap on an express train†¦fatalities†Ã¢ that’s the main words Kamjorn’s mind processed before he swooned. For it is just in the last discussion of the story. The approach that happened to Kamjorn’s spouse that made him swoon. It has effectively covered the genuine feeling of Kamjorn tears last before he blacked out. Consequently, the way Kiengsiri depicted the time and setting of â€Å"The Operation† serves to enormously upgrade the impact of this story upon the peruser. In going with the story’s characters into a world thet becomes consistently increasingly grisly every step of the way, the reader’s sentiment of bitterness and premonition builds, the peruser is doubly grieved the upsetting disclosure made in the story’s last discussion. Kiengsiri’s utilization of setting and timing in this story reflects the enhancements utilized in emotional motion pictures impacts that have the watchers cleaning their tears, completely ingested in plot and environment. It is acceptable that a 6 page short story can bring out with words a similar reaction that film producers utilize a large number of dollars, endeavors and truckloads of innovation to make.

Patriarchal Oppression in the Industrial Gothic - Literature Essay Samples

American Gothic literature arose during the early years of America’s founding, adopting some characteristics from the European tradition and establishing others in order to capture the turmoil and anxiety present in revolutionary America. As with any great literature, it changed with time, and these traditional tropes began to present themselves in new and unique ways that had to be interpreted by the reader. Two tropes that remained in Gothic texts but were utilized far differently than when the genre arose are the woman in distress and the dominating, tyrannical male. In his short story, â€Å"The Tartarus of Maids,† Herman Melville employs these characteristics of the Gothic in order to highlight the mistreatment of women in an industrialized society. In his work, Melville employs the Gothic trope of the woman in distress, and applies it to laboring women who have become slaves to the patriarchal forces that permeate society. Traditionally, the woman in distress is depicted as a powerless woman who lacks agency and control over her distress and physical reactions, often caused by a male (Hamilton 8/31/2016). In Melville’s â€Å"Tartarus of Maids,† the women lack agency because they are at the mercy of the mill owner, and therefore cannot act freely without fear of being removed from the factory. The paper mill is full of women who have become a part of the industrialized process, and are no longer valued as individuals, but as parts of a machine that can easily be replaced in order to keep the process moving. Within the mill, the women are stripped of their singularity, which is depicted when the narrator states, â€Å"At rows of blank-looking counters sat rows of blank-looking girls, with blank, white, folders in their blank hands, all blankly folding blank paper,† completely lacking any features that distinguish one woman from another (Melville 5). Furthermore, the women are stripped of their voices, whether from fatigue or from orders handed down by the owner is unclear. The narrator notes, â€Å"Not a syllable was breathed. Nothing was heard but the low, steady, overruling hum of the iron animals. The human voice was banished from the spot† (6). The women’s silence within the factory places them in the position of women in distress because they do not have the agency to speak or act according to their will. Instead they must remain silent in order to remain employed, and this dilemma is representative of a larger silencing that takes place within society. Throughout Melville’s text, the owner of the paper mill is emblematic of the Gothics tyrannical man, symbolizing the patriarchy as a whole. This Gothic trope is often used in regard to a male-female relationship in which the male is highly domineering and oppressive (Hamilton 8/31/2016). First and foremost, the mill owner is in a position of power over the women, automatically placing him into the Gothic trope of a dominating male character. He also asserts his dominance through his actions. He exercises complete control over his laborers, determining when they work, how often, and for how long: â€Å"We want none but steady workers: twelve hours to the day, day after day, through the three hundred and sixty-five days, excepting Sundays, Thanksgiving, and Fast-days. That’s our rule† (Melville 13). The owner’s demands for intense labor productivity demonstrate the control he has over the women he employees, much like societal values established by patriarch al forces dictate what is and is not acceptable behavior for women within the society. Another way the owner demonstrates his authoritarian control of his employees is when he refers to the workers as girls, regardless of their age. The gentleman visiting the mill questions the owner’s word choice and the owner explains his reasoning for his terminology: â€Å"‘Oh! as to that—why, I suppose, the fact of their being generally unmarried—that’s the reason [I call them girls], I should think. But it never struck me before. For our factory here, we will not have married women; they are apt to be off-and-on too much†¦And so, having no married women, what females we have are rightly enough called girls’† (13). The owner’s explanation highlights two key points: a woman’s title is determined by her relationship to a man, and that a woman’s livelihood is dependent on her perceived value. By claiming unmarried females can never be considered women, the owner is infantilizing the workers, and therefore strip ping them of their agency, as children are not considered to have agency of their own.Furthermore, by refusing to hire married women, the mill owner is indicating that a wed woman inherently has less value than a single one due to the obligations that come along with married life and child rearing. In this sense, married women are also stripped of their agency because they cannot seek their own employment, making all women, not just single or married women, victims of the patriarchal structures the mill owner represents. Throughout his story â€Å"Tartarus of Maids,† Herman Melville uses the gothic tropes of a tyrannical male character and the woman in distress to highlight the oppressive nature of industrialized society in relation to women. While Melville’s short story was written in 1855, the themes of male dominance and patriarchal oppression are still relevant in the twenty-first century. Most positions of power in both the private and public sectors are held by men, giving them the power to make decisions that directly affect women, such as maternity leave policies and laws that restrict access to safe abortions. While America may not be a highly industrial nation today, it is still a nation of dominating men and women in distress. Works Cited Hamilton, Patrick. â€Å"Introducing the Gothic Genre.† American Gothic Literature, 31 August 2016, Misericordia University, Dallas, PA. Class Lecture. Melville, Herman. â€Å"Tartarus of Maids.† WordPress, June 2016, https://victorianpersistence.files.wordpress.com/2016/06/the-paradise-of-bachelors-and-the-tartarus-of-maids.pdf. Accessed 22 September 2016.

Anne Boleyn - 950 Words

Ana Bolena – Anne Boleyn 1501(1507)-1536 Queen of England 1533-1536 Mother of Elizabeth I Information about the early years of Anne Boleyn is almost non-existence; her birth has been dated from 1501 to 1507. Although information about her parents is abundant. Her father, Sir Thomas Boleyn, was named Sir in 1503. He was fluent with the languages, which allowed him to travel through Europe under the King’s orders and be part of important meetings. He was one of the bodyguards that took the Archduchess Margaret to Scotland, and he participated in various meetings with Charles V. Her mother, Isabel Howard, came from a family of Dukes, although the title had been taken away in 1485, it was given back in 1514. At age 12, Anne was†¦show more content†¦Henry admitted that Anne had used witchcraft to make him fall in love with her. In 1536, Mark Smeaton, friend for several years of Anne, was arrested and tortured. He made some revelations about the Queen. Days later Sir Henry Norris, and George Boleyn were arrested. On May 2, Anne was arrested for adultery, incest, and plotting to murder the King. On the 15th the Queen and her brother were brought to trial and were found guilty. May 19th Anne Boleyn was executed, in a private execution. It has never been proved the charges for which Anne was killed; all the papers of the trial disappeared. There are still some love letters between the Queen and the King in the Vatican library. English people never supported Anne Boleyn. â€Å"Doomed Quenns: Royal Women who met bad ends, from Cleopatra to Princess Di†. Waldherr, Kris. October 2008. Broadway Publications. USA. Las seis mujeres de Enrique VIII. Fraser, Antonia. Traduccion: Antonio Bonano. 1992. Javier Vergara Editor S.A. Buenos AiresShow MoreRelatedAnne Boleyn - Paper1823 Words   |  8 PagesAnne Boleyn lived a strategic lifestyle in the English court of Henry VIII. As a pawn of her family, she went from a small girl in the French court to the queen. Henry had an obsession with Anne and would stop at nothing until they were together causing many long term affects on England. Many people had different contrasting views of Anne Boleyn; on one hand she was viewed as a jezebel or concubine by the Catholics but at the same time she was viewed as a saintly queen by protestant writers. BothRead MoreThe Other Boleyn Girl By Anne Boleyn2145 Words   |  9 Pages The Other Boleyn Girl is a 2008 feature film based on the ambitious rise and fall of Anne Boleyn and her family. The two sisters Anne and Mary Boleyn fight for the heart and bed of King Henry VIII of England only to find heartache and betrayal in their path. Becoming with child as well as becoming Queen of England was the beginning of Anne’s descent. Having a miscarriage of a son and trying to convince her brother George to have carnal relations with her to get her re-pregnant was highRead MoreElizabeth Woodville And Anne Boleyn1747 Words   |  7 Pagesmanners, or less. However, many women found themselves contributing to the formation of postmodern constructs of marriage for love, p artnership, and fidelity. Foremost among these, temporally and popularly, are the examples of Elizabeth Woodville and Anne Boleyn. Undoubtedly, these cases hold great significance to cultural studies of the temporal periods in which the English identify as participants, but they also aid in seeing the eventual popular degradation of women from chaste matrons and aloof maidensRead MoreAnne Boleyn Essay examples2136 Words   |  9 PagesOn Friday, May 19, 1536, Anne Boleyn, former Queen of England, was executed for high treason and adultery, her head severed from her body by an expert swordsman, the only concession given her by her ex-husband King Henry VIII. How, in so short a time, had the woman that Henry had defied the religious tradition of England for, divorcing his wife and changing the history of religion in his country, whom he pursued relentlessly for years, fallen so far, so quickly? To understand one must examineRead MoreThe Tragic Demise Of Anne Boleyn2428 Words   |   10 Pagesequal weight to the same piece of evidence. The tragic demise of Anne Boleyn is one of those events in history that has been observed from any and all possible angle in order to understand what truly happened. And still, historians often disagree. This paper will attempt to show four historians’ perspective on the reason why Anne was accused of treason and the theory they each favour. From the thought of a political coup against Anne and some of the members of the King’s Privy Chamber to the ideaRead MoreAnne Boleyn - Original Writing869 Words   |  4 Pageswaves, finding peace in it. Many years Anne Boleyn had stayed on the Island of Estonina, through the grace of the pure blood vampire Queen Natassa, but she still often longed for her home. Darious, a man who served Natassa, had stayed in England to report things about Elizabeth to Anne. Now news had come that Anne s daughter would be crowned Queen of England, which filled Anne s heart with both joy and saddness. When her child had only been the tender age of 2 Anne was to be beheaded for false crimesRead MoreAnne Boleyn: A Victim of Politics Essay1510 Words   |  7 PagesOn Friday, May 19, 1536, Anne Boleyn, former Queen of England, was executed for high treason and adultery, her head severed from her body by an expert swordsman, the only concession given her by her ex-husband King Henry VIII. How, in so short a time, had the woman that Henry had defied the religious tradition of England for, divorcing his wife and changing the history of religion in his country, whom he pursued relentlessly for years, fallen so far, so quickly? To understand one must examine Henry’sRead MoreA Brief History of the Life of Anne Boleyn, An Outline Essay696 Words   |  3 PagesAnne Boleyn: A Brief History Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the life of Anne Boleyn and the impact she had on the English monarchy. Introduction I. Attention-Getter: I am come hither to accuse no man, nor to speak anything of that, whereof I am accused and condemned to die, but I pray God save the king and send him long to reign over you, for a gentler nor a more merciful prince was there never: and to me he was ever a good, a gentle and sovereign lord. (Anne Boleyn Bio,Read MoreAnne Boleyn s The First Wife Of Henry Viii Essay2301 Words   |  10 Pages Anne Boleyn is a figure that continues to fascinate us centuries after she met her end on the scaffold. The story goes that King Henry struggles with his conscience when it becomes clear that his wife Catherine will not give him a male heir. He meets Anne and falls in love, and as a consequence breaks with Rome and the Holy Roman Catholic Church to marry her. When she too fails to produce the elusive son he desires he has her executed. The second wife of Henry VIII, Anne’s is a biography thatRead MoreThe Reformation Of The King s Romance With Anne Boleyn Or Popula r Discontent Essay1860 Words   |  8 Pagesprevent another succession crisis, like those of 1453 and 1461. In doing so, the essay will provide evidence that supports the prominence of this claim over the claims that religious differences with the Catholic Church, the King’s romance with Anne Boleyn or popular discontent with the Roman Catholic Church are the decisive factors of the revolution. Firstly, the essay sheds light onto the events that led to the reformation under the stewardship of King Henry VIII. In doing so it will contest the

Research Proposal & Research Methodology Assignment with Examples

Questions: 1. Describe about Research Proposal and Research Methodology Assignment? Also Explain:1) Introduction2) Research question 3) Literature Review4) Methodology5) Data Collection 6) Limitations Answers: 1. Introduction It has been observed that the bullying majorly happens in the schools, communities and homes. However, these types of events sometimes describes as rite of passage. However, through some of the studies it has been observed that bullying is not a sudden rising issue rather it is a socially learned activity. Through, this kind of social learning does not comes from the conventional society it comes from the arrogance developed through some of the unfavourable incidents within the school boundaries. However, through the study by Kokkinos et al. (2014) it has been observed that bullying is not only the problem of youth but also a problem of every age group. Some of the initiatives through programs like anti-bullying have been initiated to reduce the bullying events but it requires more of a social initiative to encounter this problem. Currently most of the advanced schools have implemented monitoring mechanism with the help of technology and this monitoring to some extent helped to reduc e the bullying events. The method of bullying activity differs according to the situations and according to the mentality of the students. However, most commonly found bullying activities are threatening, cyber-bullying. In some of the events, it has been observed that the bullying happened due to the religion and race. 2. Research Questions What kind of bullying majorly happens in schools? How does it is hampering the image of the schools? How it is affecting the students mental health? What action they took to minimize the bullying within the schools premises? What kind of awareness does the school develops and through what kind of events about the bullying? How the school helped the parents to deal with the bullying issues? 3. Literature Review Most of the researchers who majorly worked on bullying described their responsiveness to the relationship between the level of bullying and the internal operating environment of the schools. ). In most of the cases, it has been identified that those students who got bulled inside the schools went into a mental trauma. This happened majorly in the cases of kids and young youths. The bullying took them into a depressed state where they starts found themselves alone. This gradually affects their daily lifestyle and due to that the academic and the social performances of those students starts decreasing (Kousholt Fisker, 2014). Through the different studies, it has been identified that the bullying inside the school premise has a very long-term effect on the students. Bullying majorly affects the mental health of the students especially the young students. The study by Kousholt Fisker (2014) has seen that the mental illness like chronic anxiety, depression and suicidal tendency develops very silently within the minds of the victims. According to the report provided by Embury Saklofske (2014) has very critically shown that in current times the bullying in schools is quite unavoidable. However, current most of the schools are trying to increase a co-ordination between parents and teachers to identify the sign of distress attitude within the students that can help them to identify the bullying activities. One of the most shocking data was provided by the George Washington University (2004), which reflects that most of teachers do not have the adequate training to handle the bullying issues. The same study had shown a very different thing on bullying. It shows that 70% of the students have carried the bullying attitude from their seniors. However, according to some of the teachers, the bullying is nothing but a common incident of life and it should be taken sportingly rather than seriously (The George Washington University, 2004). However, according to Arcus (2002) to battle bullying behaviors all school should adjust a zero patience policy towards any forms of bullying. Therefore, the observation on the bullying activities from the students could help to identify the intrinsic or extrinsic source of bullying. The identification of the bullying motivation will also provide a snapshot about from which circumstances and from which social aspects the growth of bullying is actually happening. If the source of bullying can be identified it will be very much easy to handle this phenomenon. Through some of the other studies, it has been observed that the response from the teachers differs in several ways in accordance with the situation and events (Olweus, 1993). According to the study by Marshall et al. (2009) it has been observed that the teachers tried to manage the bullying events through their earlier experiences. However, the degree of management majorly differs due to the intent and the involvement issue from the teachers end. Sometimes it has been observed that some of the teachers are very much proactive to handle the issue on the other hand in some cases it has been observed that some of the teachers were not so much active to minimize the consequences of bullying. Through some other studies, it has been observed that some of the teachers tried to encounter the issue with constructive approach. However, both these approaches are very much evident. The most important point was pointed out by the study of Rodkin Gest (2011) through stating that the development of the classrooms internal cultural will help to handle the issue more effectively than others. According to the research by Craig (1998) and Arcus (2002) it has been observed that the consequences of bullying sometimes gone to the extreme. It has been observed that sometimes the consequences lead to the chronic depression and suicidal attempts from the students. The suicidal trend is very much higher in the cases of young students because they consider it as a social humiliation (Rodkin Gest, 2011). According to the study by Embury Saklofske (2014), it has been observed that most of the bullying cases hampered the psychological health of the students. It most of the time reduces the academic and the social participation interest from the bulled students. The National Education Association produced the most shocking evidence. It showed that students who became a repeated victim of bullying inside the school premises it develop the learning disability within themselves. However, through some of the reports it has been observed that schools are claiming that they are taking car e of the bullying incidents through doing activities like counseling and increasing the events like group participative sports (Rodkin Gest, 2011). However, it has been observed that the incidents on bullying are not decreasing significantly. Two separate research conducted by Craig (1998) it has been observed that mental disorders like the suicidal tendencies, anxiety and social identity crisis starts developing due to the bullying activities. Some of the other studies very specifically pointed out that the kids are more affected by the psychological disorders like depression and anxiety. However, the suicidal tendency is majorly appears within the young kids and the most influential reason behind this is that the young kids considers bullying is a social humiliation for them. According to Helpin and Crofts (1963) the internal climate of a school influences the behavioral nature of a school. This study also states that the internal culture majorly helps in the development of the friendly climate and the proper personality of the students. This development majorly helped the students to grow a positive attitude within them. This personality and the attitude development influence the minimization of the bullying activities within the school premises. 4. Research Methodology and Data Collection 4.0.1 Orientation of the Sample population The sample population will consists of students from 8th to 12th standard. However, other than the students the parents of the students and the teachers will also be considered as the member of the sample population for the continuation of this research. Therefore, the orientation of the sample population will be : Population Groups Number of participants 1 Students (Grade 8 to 12) 30 students 2 Teachers 30 teachers (including supervisors) 3 Parents 30 Parents Table 1: Sample population Orientation (Source: Created by Author) However, to select this sample random sampling will be considered. The main reason for the selection of the random selection is that the random sample selection will reduce the chances of any kind of sample biasness. Therefore, the transparency of the sample selection will be intact. 4.0.2 Research Design To conduct this research a cross-sectional study will be done. The cross-sectional study helps to analyze the psychological development of the phenomenon. The main reason for the selection of the cross-sectional study is that it will provide a scope to analyze an event not through cause-effect relationships but through observation of a population. The cross-sectional study will help to gather the supportive primary data that will support the analyzed data during the data analysis. On the other hand, the research will be done through the descriptive study through keeping a focus on the structured development of the questionnaires. The entire study will be conducted through the proposed sample orientation. The students will be questioned through a one to one interview in the presence of their parents. Thorough this interview the main motto will be to collect data about their bullying incidents. The sub-lining motto will be to identify how that event affected their mental health. On the other hand, through interviewing the parents the researcher will try to understand how the bullying affected their childs behavior and how the schools responded to it. This interview will be conducted in a neutral venue and nature will be one to one. However, teachers will be questioned through creating a focus group. The main motto of this focus group interview will be to analyze and identify the pulses of the teaches on the bullying issue. Therefore, the open-ended questions wil l provided a detailed view about the issue whereas the close-ended questions will provide a snapshot of the issue. 4.0.3 Instruments of the Research To conduct this research both the open-ended and the close-ended questions will be developed. Keeping the sensitivity on the mind the quantitative questions will be designed for the students and the parents. The design of the questions will be such a kind that it will help to focus on a particular point rather than focusing on a broader points. However, the questions for the teachers will be designed with the open-ended questions. The main reason for designing the open-ended questions is that it will help to bring more insight view of the issue. This insight view will help the researcher to extract more detailed information about the form and the motive of bullying that happens inside the school premises. This form and motive helps in the identification of the source of the bullying attitude. 4.0.4 Research Time Table Table 2: Research Timetable (Source: Created by Author) 5.0 Limitations The major limitation of this research work is as it is an academic research, most of the schools and the teachers may not show much interest to participate in the interview. On the other hand, the parents may not allow their kids to participate in the interview. The main reason behind this is that they may think that the questioning on the sensitive issues may degrade the mental stability of their kids. Other than these, time will be a major limitation for this research project because more periods could provide more data on the phenomenon. Reference List A Halpin, Croft, D. (1963). The Organizational Climate of Schools. Chicago: University of Chicago.Arcus, D. (2002). School shooting fatalities and school corporal punishment: A look at the states. Aggressive Behavior, 28(3), 173-183. doi:10.1002/ab.90020Brinson, Sabrina A. (2005). Boys dont tell on sugar-and-spice-but-not-so-nice girl bullies. Reclaiming Children and Youth: The Journal of Strength-based Interventions, 14, 169-174.Craig, W. M. (1998). The relationship among bullying, victimization, depression, anxiety, and aggression in elementary school children.Personality and Individual Differences, 24(1).Kokkinos, C., Antoniadou, N., Markos, A. (2014). Cyber-bullying: An investigation of the psychological profile of university student participants. Journal Of Applied Developmental Psychology, 35(3), 204-214. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2014.04.001Kousholt, K., Fisker, T. (2014). Approaches to Reduce Bullying in Schools - A Critical Analysis from the Viewpoint of First- and Second-Orde r Perspectives on Bullying. Child Soc, n/a-n/a. doi:10.1111/chso.12094L. Marshall, Varjas, K., Meyers, J., Graybill, E. C., Skoczylas, R. B. (2009). Teacherresponses to bullying: self-reports from the front line. Journal of School Violence, 8(2),136-158. doi: 10.1080/15388220802074124Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school - What we know and what we can do. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers C. Rodkin, Gest, S. D. (2011). Teaching practices, classroom peer ecologies, and bullyingbehaviors among schoolchildren. In D. L. Espelage S. M. Swearer (Eds.), Bullying in North American Schools (2nd ed., pp. 75-90). New York: Routledge.Prince-Embury, S., Saklofske, D. (2014). Resilience Interventions for Youth in Diverse Populations. Dordrecht: Springer.The George Washington University. (2004, December 15). Bullying - Is it part of growing up, or part of school violence. Retrieved from The Center for Health and Health Care in Schools: https://www.healthinschools.org/News-Room/InFocus/2004/Issue-2.aspx

The XYY Syndrome Essay Research Paper subject free essay sample

The XYY Syndrome Essay, Research Paper capable = Intro to Biology rubric = XYY Syndrome documents = XYY Males Xyy Syndrome is a rare familial upset which affects males due to an excess Yttrium chromosome. Healthy males have 46 chromosomes including one Ten and one Y chromosome. Work force with XYY syndrome have 47 chromosomes, two of which are Y chromosomes. It is non known why the excess Y chromosome occurs. The upset is present at birth and is estimated to happen in one out of every one thousand unrecorded births. In really rare cases, the syndrome has been passed from male parent to boy, but in most instances heredity can non be established. The features of XYY syndrome are frequently really elusive and do non bespeak and serious chromosomal upset. Therefore, males with this status are often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. The primary symptoms include tall or really tall tallness which becomes apparent at the age of five or six, and terrible cystic acne during adolescence. We will write a custom essay sample on The XYY Syndrome Essay Research Paper subject or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lower than mean intelligence and/or behavioural jobs, such as an explosive pique, aggressive or noncompliant actions, or sometimes antisocial behaviour are other symptoms. Some persons with this upset may besides hold linguistic communication troubles or psychosexual jobs. XYY Syndrome is frequently undiagnosed until trials for other medical grounds are performed. Other than being remarkably tall and/or holding behavioural jobs, in many instances, these male childs or work forces appear normal. Physical features of XYY Syndrome may include an exceptionally long caput with a somewhat protrusive brow, long custodies and pess, long ears, mild indenture of the sternum, and/or big dentitions. Poor thorax and shoulder musculus development is besides common. Even though males with this syndrome are big, they tend to be weak and uncoordinated. Some may hold a all right intentional shudder, such as agitating custodies when the attempt to imbibe a glass of H2O. Occasionally, a bony formation across the articulations in the two castanetss of the forearm ensuing in the stiffening of the affected articulations may happen. Other occasional symptoms are undescended testiss, a little phallus, or an gap located on the bottom of the phallus. For a long clip it was thought that XYY Syndrome persons had aggressive inclinations frequently associated with condemnable behaviour due to the excess Y chromosome. Epidemiologic surveies suggest that one out of every 35 institutionalised male juvenile delinquents has XYY Syndrome. However, it is now believed by some research workers that this behaviour is non due to the excess Y chromosome, but instead to the lower than mean intelligence and instruction degrees of these work forces. More research is needed to understand the function of this chromosomal abnormalcy on behaviour.

Humpback Whales Essays

Humpback Whales Essays Humpback Whales Essay Humpback Whales Essay General Description: A. Body Symmetry: Bilateral B. Particular Pigments or Color: Dark Grey with lighter underbelly ; fins and good lucks are gray and spotted with white C. Habitat: ( Zone ) Benthic and coastal ( Geographic ) : From Alaska to the Caribbean D. Specific Features: 1 ) Reproduction: Polygamous ; Seasonal engendering 2 ) Feeding Techniques: Filter feeders ; Bubble gauze. Ring of froth. Lunging. 3 ) Defense Techniques: Kyphosiss have few marauders other than worlds. and don’t have any defensive techniques. Some of the largest animate beings on Earth are the gentlest. The kyphosis giant is a leading illustration of gentle. with its diet. behaviour. and complete deficiency of natural marauders. Whales as a species are typically depicted as big animate beings. apprehensible with the smallest member of the species. the dwarf sperm giant. mensurating on mean 9 pess and weighing in at around 400 lbs. The kyphosis. nevertheless. is one of the largest giants. coming in merely behind the fin whale and bluish giants. Kyphosiss are anyplace from 48 to 63 pess long and weigh an norm of 40 dozenss. They’re recognizable by their big. dark gray organic structures with a hump shaped dorsal five and remarkably long white thoracic fives. The humpback’s genus name. Magaptera Novaengliae. means big-winged. New Englander because the largest settlement of giants was along the nor-east seashore of the United States in the Atlantic. But humpback giants are besides found immensely between California and Russia. They are migratory marine mammals. and frequently spend their summers in high latitude countries such as the Gulfs of Maine or Alaska. and so swim South to engender in the semitropical Waterss in the Dominican Republic and Hawaiian Islands. The kyphosis really holds the record for farthest migration of any mammal. The longest recorded migration was 5. 160 stat mis from Costa Rica to Antarctica by a cod of 7 giants. The big-winged New Englander’s diet consists of largely little beings even though they are such big animate beings. Kyphosiss belong to the subdivision of giants known as Mysticeti or baleen giants. Baleen giants do non hold dentitions. they have baleen which are teeth-like bristles that help the giant to filtrate little fish and crustaceans from the H2O for the giant to eat. Baleen giants like the kyphosis live on a diet of little fish. salmon. herring. krill. and other crustaceans. To counterbalance for its size. a humpback giant must intake about 3000 lbs of nutrient per twenty-four hours. Kyphosiss are really societal animals that travel in cods. and in order to acquire this much nutrient for the full cod. they hunt as a group. They don’t Hunt like toothed giants. but brutally assailing their quarry. but they will hurl at their quarry when the baffled beings are trapped in a elephantine bubble cyberspace. Bubble gauze is when a cod of giants swim around a school of fish and exhale through their blowholes. bring forthing bubbles. and frightening their quarry into a little ball by slapping their fins and making loud vocal sounds. Speaking of kyphosiss being really societal animate beings. they are besides extremely recognized by their impressive aerial shows across the surface of the H2O in malice of their huge weight. Breaching is a popular and well-known fast one of all giants. It is when a whale launches themselves above the H2O. frequently writhing in midair. and sprinkling back down on their sides. Scientists aren’t precisely certain why. but it is speculated that it could be an alternate method of communicating every bit good as an option to spyhopping. Spyhopping is when a giant swims vertically to the surface and exposes merely every bit much of their caput so as to hold their eyes above H2O in order to look into their milieus. This could really good be why tourist ships get so many exposures of giants transgressing. Other whale behaviours include slapping the H2O with its overtly big thoracic fives and belly-flipping. Belly-flipping is merely when a giant lies on its dorsum in the H2O and slaps the H2O with one fin at a clip. These behaviours have been seen during wooing and eating. Humpback giants are polygamous animate beings. with the males viing for sharply for oestrous females. Engendering takes topographic point in the winter and in tropical Waterss. The gestation period for kyphosiss is 11 to 12 months. but the female parent merely gives birth to one calf at a clip. The calf will remain by its mother’s side for 2 to 3 old ages. and make sexual adulthood at about 4 to 5 old ages old. Females typically produce offspring every 2 old ages but can deliver 2 calves in 3 old ages. Since the giants are mammals. the female gives birth to a unrecorded calf and so breastfeeds for approximately 5 months. Kyphosiss are non territorial. but calves are besides to be protected at all costs. Therefore. it makes sense that these soft giants are merely of all time non so soft when viing for a mate. and when they believe an outside giant poses a menace to the pod’s calves’ safety. In the cod. Escort giants may swim with a calf and its female parent. The Escort giant. ( most are male ) . may blow bubbles to make a screen’ when exterior kyphosiss get excessively near. They besides show aggression on juncture when boats and ships get excessively near. Such aggressive behaviour may include organic structure threshing. horizontal tail-lashing. and lobtailing. Lobtailing is fundamentally tail slapping. which can make a batch of harm sing the strength in the humpback’s big white and gray good lucks. By and large talking. cods are more aggressive than single giants. Humpback’s are possibly most well-known for their hauntingly beautiful and cryptic whale vocals. They are the lone giants that do so. and scientists have yet to decode what they mean. However. we are cognizant that their melodic whalesong are evidently agencies of pass oning to fellow giants. The vocals can last for over 20 proceedingss and go on for more than 24 hours per session. Male kyphosiss have besides been known to sing in order to pull couples. For a chilling century. kyphosis giants were high on the endangered species list. It is merely late that these graceful and soft giants have accumulated one time once more to a healthy population of at least 80. 000 giants. Economically. kyphosiss are fantastic tourer attractive forces for the coastal provinces as they’re the favourites of whale spectators. It is better that money is made from watching them than money being made for their meat. whalebone. tegument. and oil. every bit good as their very being.

Asthma Essay Research Paper AsthmaWhat is Asthma

Asthma Essay, Research Paper Asthma What is Asthma? Asthma is a upset that affects 20 % of Australians in their childhood. It causes air passages to contract doing it hard to take a breath. Symptoms may include loss of breathe in cold conditions, wheezing and whistling. It may happen sporadically in sudden crisp onslaughts. When an onslaught occurs The musculuss around the air current pipe tighten shriveling the air passages. The air current pipe run alonging so crestless waves ( image ) and a mucous secretion called emotionlessness develops doing the cough to escalate and somewhat more painful. What are the Causes and Triggers for asthma? Attacks of Asthma occur due to a obstruction in the bronchial tubing. This obstruction consequences from a cramp that narrows the trachea doing take a breathing trouble for the sick person. Asthma Gun triggers are things that make Asthma worse. Usual triggers are # 8211 ; Respiratory infections eg. Colds, grippe, sore pharynxs and bronchitis Allergic reactions sometimes cause Asthma eg. Pollen, nutrients, dust, animate being pelt or some seed. Air thorns ( similar to Allergic reactions ) eg. Cigarette smoke, gases or dust. Excessive/strenuous exercising can do an Asthma onslaught. Emotional Stress can besides trip an Asthma onslaught. Symptoms of Asthma Symptoms include wheezing from the thorax or a little whistle is heard when inhaling. It # 8217 ; s even louder when expiring. Stringency of the thorax, lung and lung country are closely associated with Asthma. Treatment for asthma There is no remedy for Asthma but there are stairss that physicians take to assist alleviate the symptoms of Asthma. As a first measure physicians try to take or acquire the patient to avoid Asthma triggers such as # 8220 ; carnal dander # 8221 ; ( eg. Fur or hairs ) . These are really likely to trip an Asthma onslaught. Topographic points where animate beings dwell are advised to be kept clear of for a sick person. Since it is impossible to take or avoid all triggers there are medicines that can be tak en. Such as – Anti # 8211 ; Inflammatory Drugs: these cut down puffiness of the trachea and it # 8217 ; s liner. Oral Steroids # 8211 ; Orasone and Pediapred rapidly cut down redness during an onslaught. Inhaled medical specialties # 8211 ; such as cromoyln Na and inhaled corticoids maintain redness from flame uping up. Bronchodilators: loosen up the musculuss which have tightened around the trachea. Adrenergic bronchodilators ( # 8221 ; Beta 2 agonists # 8221 ; ) provide impermanent alleviation but do non handle redness. These are available as an Inhaler or a tablet signifier. Unfortunately the tablets are slower and have a few side affects. Theophylline is available in a liquid, capsule or tablet signifier. This drug has a long continuance of action doing it a really good soother for # 8220 ; dark clip # 8221 ; Asthma. Wayss of forestalling asthma There are no ways of forestalling Asthma because it is normally familial, allergically related or following a dosage of bronchitis, but there are ways to forestall it from flame uping up and turning into an onslaught. A sick person can be really careful about his or hers diet because the diet can greatly impact the Asthma. Due to allergic reactions etc. Staying off from pollens and carnal pelt settees down Asthma. The allergic reactions are the highest causes of Asthma. Make sure you ever have medicine with you such as Intal and Becotide. These preventive medical specialties will halt an onslaught occurring. Summery For an Asthma sick person external respiration can sometimes be a great trouble due to the fact that at any clip their air current pipe can shrivel due to redness, doing it really hard to take a breath. But with the right medicine eg. Inhalers and Theophylline their life can be much easier. If they besides stay off from triggers such as pollen, pelt and coffin nail smoke the air ways may non be so vulnerable. Even if you don # 8217 ; Ts have Asthma you should maintain an oculus out for the symptoms which are # 8211 ; thorax and lung stringency, wheezing and loss of breath particularly in cold conditions. 314

Strengths and limitations of assessment methods Essay

Strengths and limitations of assessment methods - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that different assessment methods can be more or less effective in assessing the different skills, attitudes, and knowledge of your students. A teacher would probably set up a practical activity and have learners demonstrate their skills for assessment. Some learners are not, however, as confident as others demonstrating practical skills and need more time to observe others or to practice these skills in a less formal setting. Practical assessments, such as demonstrations, presentations, and simulations can be limited with regards to assessing learners’ theoretical understanding of a subject. Group discussions can engage and motivate the majority of students but some learners might feel left out. Multiple-choice exams provide opportunities for learners to receive immediate feedback and results but do not provide them with opportunities to elaborate on concepts. Essays, on the other hand, provide learners with opportunities to explore their ideas and elaborate on concepts relating to the subject but are difficult to assess. Some assessment methods, like role-plays, can be â€Å"holistic† and help you assess the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of your learners but some learners can be inhibited by their nerves. Given the above strengths and weaknesses of different assessment methods, it is important for an instructor or a teacher to consider individual learner needs. For instance, it is essential that any initial assessment procedure is done in the context of recognizing a learner’s aspirations as well as learning goals.

Respirstion Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Respirstion - Lab Report Example The hypothesis for the experiment is that if the substrate concentration of Succinate increases, then the rate of aerobic respiration increases was not confirmed. The conclusion of the experiment was discovered that succinate concentration and enzyme concentration does affect the rate of aerobic respiration. Introduction Aerobic respiration occurs in living things and is a process through which food substances are broken down to release energy in form of ATP. This process takes place in the mitochondria and requires energy. Unlike the process of fermentation where food substrate is broken down in absence of oxygen where only a lesser number of ATP are produced, aerobic respiration results in production more energy in form of ATP. The first part of aerobic respiration (glycolysis) is similar to that of fermentation and takes place in the cytoplasm. Pyruvic acid, a three carbon molecule is formed through a series of reactions on glucose molecules. Two molecules of ATP are released abse nce of oxygen as anaerobic respiration takes place (Apte et al 37). The pyruvic acid then proceeds to the next stage. C6H12O6 CH3COCOOH (Pyruvic acid) The second phase of aerobic reaction takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria. ... Objectives To investigate the factors affecting the rate of aerobic respiration Hypothesis If the substrate concentration of Succinate increases, then the rate of aerobic respiration increases. Procedure The materials needed for this experiment includes test tubes, lima beans mitochondrial suspension, succinate, DCPIP, buffer and paraffin, In this experiment, four small test-tubes were obtained and labeled B, 1, 2, 3, 4 test tubes B was blank. In the blank test tube, 4.6 ml of the buffer, 0.1ml of succinate acid and 0.3ml of mitochondria suspension was placed. The tube was then covered with a film of paraffin and inverted to ensure that the contents mixed completely. A micropipette was then used to transfer 1ml of the mixture to a square corvette. The machine was then set to read transmittance. The wavelength of the machine was set at 600nm. The corvette was placed in an open spectrophotometer. The transmitter was set to 100 where the blank was used as the baseline. In tube 1, 2 and 3, DCPIP, mitochondria suspension and the buffer were placed in measurements indicated in the table below. Succinate was not added at first Reagents Tube 1 Tube 2 Tube 3 Buffer 4.4ml 4.3ml 4.2ml DCPIP 0.3ml 0.3ml 0.3ml Mitochondrial suspension 0.3ml 0.3ml 0.3ml Succinate 0ml 0.1ml 0.2ml Succinate was then quickly added to the test tubes which were then covered with paraffin and placed in the corvette. The corvette was wiped on the outside and then placed in the samples holder ensuring that the arrow pointed downwards. The lid of the machine was closed and the readings for each sample recorded at different times. The spectrometer was reset after every five minutes using the blank as the baseline. The content of the

Essay --

Let’s Improve our Writing through Reading Do you know that successful and famous writers read a lot! They read different types of materials ranging from books, magazine, newspapers etc. Why do they read a lot? Does that indicate something and have a meaning? Reading a lot help the reader to understand and get the art of language. In addition, it helps the reader appreciate the finer words. Reading a variety of written materials motivates the reader. It helps the reader to identify a gap which provides the reader with a chance to address the issue that has not been addressed by other writers, while failure to read variety of written materials limits a person’s vocabulary. This might kill the dream of becoming a successful writer. A person yearning to become an author must make reading a habit and personal passion. This is through looking for reading materials and creating much time to reflect on the reading. Students must be ready to read widely. This is through combining both old and current pieces of writing. This would help students to understand the progress that has been made by authors. This is important in helping the reader to come up with a unique piece of writing that will catch the attention of people and make a change in the society. Reading increases students’ confidence, knowledge, skills, and strategies. As a result, for students to become successful writers they need to read a lot; write down and note as many point and vocabularies as possible and sharpen both reading and writing skills as much as possible. When a student is young, the student is unable to write effectively, as the student is exposed to reading materials, the writing skills become more effective. This is the case for a person or student who is pl... ...s and journal etc. to obtain new ideas in different and variety of fields, learn new vocabularies and fall in love with writing. When reading, it’s important to write down and note the important points and ideas. In addition, it’s important to write down your own thoughts and ideas as they come. These are important in composing your ideas into a piece of writing. When reading, ensure that you analyze the character, plot or theme. This is through breaking down the book. As a reader, you should analyze why the writer make the choices in his book, how did the character convey their qualities and how did the book start of lay out the whole plot. In addition, it’s important to understand how the theme was portrayed in the book. This helps reader to be able to understand how to draft an attractive theme, plot and qualities of the characters. This makes you a great writer.

Particle Size Distribution and Cyclone Efficiency Distribution Essay

In this experiment collection efficiency of a cyclone has been determined for two types of particles – Fly Ash and MgO in an air stream. Such a dust is commonly found in industries using coal and refractories. Particle size distribution of ambient air as well as cyclone exhaust has also been measured using Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). The collection efficiency of the cyclones was in 85 -95% range for Fly Ash dust and approximately 96% for MgO dust under experimental conditions. The particle size distribution in the ambient air as well as in the cyclone exhaust was showed a log normal distribution and each of these distributions was composed of more than one size distributions. A. Introduction: In modern industrial era we have to live with dust and powders on continuous basis. There are many industrial processes that use raw materials in powder form like powder metallurgy, sintering plants in integrated steel plants, cement industry, polymer engineering etc. to name a few. It is not unreasonable to expect that the industries that use powders as raw material, throws lot of particulate matter into the atmosphere around it. Even in the cases, when the raw material in not a powder, the emissions contains lot of particulate matter. Some examples are emissions from blast furnaces, coal fired plants etc. to name a few. Vehicular pollution is one of the major sources of suspended particulate matter (spm) in the atmosphere in the urban areas. Therefore, the knowledge of particle size distribution is required and very useful in many cases. Some examples are the following: †¢ Estimation of dust hazard to the personal handling powders in industries †¢ Designing an equipment for removing dust from a gas stream like exhaust gas of blast furnace and other furnaces †¢ Selection of a suitable dust cleaning system for a given environment †¢ Estimation of the efficiency of filters and other dust collection systems †¢ Identifying the source of the dust particles †¢ Estimation of properties of an aerosol etc. Therefore, it is useful to understand the method and practices of measuring and describing particle size distribution and also the different methods and instruments that are used to clean dust from a gas stream. This experiment is concerned with sizing distribution of atmospheric dust and the efficiency of a dust collection system will be determined. The following section described different distributions of particle size in a dust sample. A. 1 Description of particle size distributions Dust particle or airborne particles are not of a given size rather there are particles of different sizes in a dust sample. This size range can be very large in the range of tens of nanometers to hundreds of micron. The exact size distribution depends upon the source of the particulate matter. For example size distribution in a blast furnace exhaust will be different from that in a motorcycle emission and so on. A particle size distribution can be described by the following mathematical expression: Here, ‘d’ is the diameter of the dust particle and dN is number of the dust particle in the diameter range ‘d’ to ‘d+dd’. ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘? ’ and ‘? ’ are the constants. Depending on the value of these constants there are two kinds of particle size distributions. One is â€Å"Nukiyama – Tanasawa† distribution and the other is â€Å"Rosin-Rammler† distribution. For â€Å"Nukiyam – Tanasawa† distribution, ? = 2 and ? = 1 and the expression is â€Å"Rosin – Rammler† distribution is described by the following expression: The â€Å"Rosin – Rammler†distribution was developed to represent size distribution of coal particles, that was received by sieving of coal particles. Here di is a particular sieve size or the minimum size of a particle retained by that sieve; R is the weight of the coal particles retained by all the sieves with size d > di and was expressed as percentage of the total coal weight; ‘b’ and ‘n’ are constants. To evaluate these constants in these size distributions, one needs to do curve fitting. Therefore, it is easier to go for simpler statistical distributions based on ‘normal’ distribution. For any distribution, there is a mean and a standard deviation. For a sample these can be calculated by using the following formulae: Sample Mean Sample Standard Deviation From these sample statistics one can calculate population parameters like true mean or population mean, ? and standard distribution ? with certain degree of accuracy. However, if the sample can be considered to be true representative of the true population then one can take sample statistics (mean and standard deviation) as population parameters ? and ?. While the mean is a measure of the central tendency, standard deviation gives distribution of particle size around the mean. If standard deviation is large then the distribution is wide and vice versa. If two more parameters ‘skew’ and ‘kurtosis’ that measure symmetry and peakedness respectively are also used in conjugation with mean and standard deviation, then can completely describe a size distribution. For a normal distribution, ‘skew’ and ‘kurtosis’ are zero and the distribution is mono-modal with peak at the mean and is symmetric about the mean. Such a distribution is applicable for simple distributions with m/s > 2. 5. If this ratio is smaller then the distribution, generally shows large positive skew. To tackle such a problem one goes for log-normal distribution, which is a normal distribution of the logarithm of the particle size. Most of the natural size distributions are best described by log-normal distribution. As mass distribution is more appropriate and used frequently, therefore, one can deduce mass distribution from size distribution. To do this one needs to calculate mean and standard distribution of the mass of the particles and this is done by dividing individual size measurements by while calculating the mean and the standard deviation. For most of the pollution control applications log-normal distribution is used. Probability distribution function (pdf) for such a distribution with mean ? and standard deviation ? is given by the following expression Such a distribution is shown in figure 1, below. In this case, the peak shifts in left direction with increasing standard deviation, ?. Fig. 1: Shift of the probability distribution peak in left direction with increasing standard deviation of the sample There is another very important aspect of particle size distribution. Generally a dust sample collected from certain location does not consist of a single distribution; instead it consists of many size distributions. It is easier to identify and separate these distributions when the peaks are well separated. However, many times the peaks are so close that these distributions mingle up as a single composite size distribution and one needs to extract individual distributions out of this composite distribution by carefully deconvoluting the composite size distribution. Before describing a size distribution, one needs to first measure the size distribution. There are many instruments that help in measurement of particle size and the size distribution. Some important techniques are described in the following section. A. 2 Measurement of Particle Size and Size-Distribution Sieving: This is the most conventional and easiest method for particle size-distribution measurement. In this case a representative sample of the particulate matter is taken by suitable sampling method like divided cone method. In divided cone method, the particulate matter is made as a cone and one quarter of the cone is taken. This process is repeated hill the final sample size is taken. This sample is then sieved by using a series of sieves of different sizes in a consecutive order. The particle that remains above the sieve of a particle number (size) is given that size and in this manner the size-distribution of the entire sample is measured. Sieve size is given by a number. That number represents number of aperture in a linear inch. Thus a sieve of size 75 means, there are 75 apertures in one inch of that sieve and so on. Therefore, a larger sieve number corresponds to a smaller sieve size. This method is very easy and suitable for coarse particles of size greater than 50 ? m. However, for finer sized particles, this technique becomes very unreliable. Optical Microscopy Optical microscope is also very useful method to measure size distribution of particulate matter. This method can be used to measure size distribution of particulate matter from any source. Different sampling methods can be used to collect the sample for size distribution measurement. Some of these are: (i) Filtration: Membrane filters are generally used to collect samples that have different color or refractive index than the filter. (ii) Sedimentation on a glass slide is another useful technique, especially for large particles. However, for getting a representative sample one should be careful. (iii) Thermal precipitation is another useful technique; however, care should be taken to avoid segregation of sizes. (iv) Electrostatic precipitation on a glass slide or electron microscope grid is another technique that is commonly employed. However, optical microscopy is limited to ~ 1 ? m sized particles as maximum magnification is 1000 only. This is because, light is the probing signal and its wavelength is of that order. For measuring the size distribution if still finer particles one needs to use scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). In case of SEM a focused electron beam is scanned in a raster and the image is formed by collecting the different type of electron signals like secondary electron or back scattered electron. In case of TEM, the focused electron beam is transmitted through the particle and an image of the particle is formed at higher magnification ~ 100,000. Cyclones: Cyclones are used mainly as dust removing system; however, these are also used for separating particles into different size groups. One example is use of cyclone in personal dust sampler to separate the powder into two fractions – one which is respirable and another which is not. Cascade impactors: In this system, particles are collected in different size groups in different stages according to the aerodynamic impaction onto a substrate. Each stage can be analyzed chemically, measured using a microscope or can be even weighed electronically. These are used for sampling of particulate matter in atmosphere or in chimney or furnace exhaust gas. These are capable of sizing the particulate matter in 0. 05 to 10 mm range. These systems have evolved considerably and modern systems are equipped with quartz crystal microbalance for detecting mass number of the dust particle and even electrical detection of the particles, which has been charged before classifying into different sizes. One such system is Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). This equipment will be described in somewhat detail in the next subsection. Diffusion Battery: In this system particles are classified based on their ability to diffuse through a series of mesh screens. Smaller particles diffuse faster and vice versa. Finer particles are thus collected easily than the coarser particles. This system can be used for particles smaller than 1 ? m. Electrical Mobility Analyzers: In this system, the particles are charged prior to separation. The charged particles are separated by applying electric field. Smaller particles have higher mobility due to smaller mass than the larger particles. Therefore, electric field removes the particles in selective manner at different stages according to their sizes. This system can do sizing of particles in the size range 1 ? m to 1 mm. Light Scattering Devices: These are based on scattering of light by the dust particle in the suspension. It can use dry as well as wet suspension. The angle of scattering of light is related to its size. Normally a highly collimated laser light is used. Though the minimum size is limited by the wavelength of the light and is ~ 0. 3 mm; newer systems have been designed that can measure particles in nm size range as well. However, these are costly equipments.

A Brief Note On The s Colleges Bachelor Of Business

Stott’s Colleges Bachelor of Business Assessment Cover Sheet Subject: Strategic Management Code: MAN01 Due Date: _01-May-2017_______ Date: _01-May-2017_______ Student Name: Mariya Beltran ¬Ã‚ ¬ Student No: __1029081____________ Phone: __0420938821____ Email:  ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬___micahbeltran@hotmail.com_____ Plagiarism means using the ideas of someone else without giving them proper credit. That someone else maybe an author, critic, journalist, artist, composer, lecturer, tutor or another student. Intentional plagiarism is a serious form of cheating. Unintentional plagiarism can result if you don’t understand and use the acceptable scholarly methods of acknowledgment. In either case, the College may impose penalties which can be very severe Declaration:†¦show more content†¦This had been implemented to the different parts of their fresh produce supply chain. Based on my research, Coles In Year 2016 (2016), â€Å"Coles is committed to offering customers everyday value, quality fresh produce and a better shopping experience.† Essentially, it is vital that the company run the business feasible as well as in a responsible way. Based on the previous financial year 2016, Coles Supermarket made a total profit of +4.3%, food and liquor sales growth by +5.1%, online sales growth of 24.1% and convenience store sales growth of +11.1%. The aim of this report is to examine and analyze the effectiveness of Cole’s current management practices. Market Size and Trends A. Market Structure – Coles operates in an oligopoly market structure. In the retail industry, two mighty supermarkets, Coles and Woolworths, rule over most of the market. There are firms alike that acquire powers of setting their price as there is a price differentiation when other supermarkets take in different goods for the society. 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